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8401 Nuclear reactors Nuclear reactors; fuel elements (cartridges), non-irradiated, for nuclear reactors; machinery and apparatus for isotopic separation.
8402 Steam generating boilers Steam or other vapour generating boilers (other than central heating hot water boilers capable also of producing low pressure steam); super-heated water boilers.
8403 Central heating boilers Central heating boilers other than those of heading 84.02.
8404 Auxiliary plant for boilers Auxiliary plant for use with boilers of heading 84.02 or 84.03 (for example, economisers, super-heaters, soot removers, gas recoverers); condensers for steam or other vapour power units.
8405 Gas generators Producer gas or water gas generators, with or without their purifiers; acetylene gas generators and similar water process gas generators, with or without their purifiers.
8406 Steam turbines Steam turbines and other vapour turbines.
8407 Spark-ignition engines Spark-ignition reciprocating or rotary internal combustion piston engines.
8408 Diesel engines Compression-ignition internal combustion piston engines (diesel or semi-diesel engines).
8409 Parts for 84.07 or 84.08 Parts suitable for use solely or principally with the engines of heading 84.07 or 84.08.
8410 Hydraulic turbines Hydraulic turbines, water wheels, and regulators therefor.
8411 Gas turbines Turbo-jets, turbo-propellers and other gas turbines.
8412 Other engines Other engines and motors.
8413 Pumps for liquids Pumps for liquids, whether or not fitted with a measuring device; liquid elevators.
8414 Air pumps Air or vacuum pumps, air or other gas compressors and fans; ventilating or recycling hoods incorporating a fan, whether or not fitted with filters; gas-tight biological safety cabinets, whether or not fitted with filters.
8415 Air conditioning machines Air conditioning machines, comprising a motor-driven fan and elements for changing the temperature and humidity, including those machines in which the humidity cannot be separately regulated.
8416 Furnace burners Furnace burners for liquid fuel, for pulverised solid fuel or for gas; mechanical stokers, including their mechanical grates, mechanical ash dischargers and similar appliances.
8417 Industrial or laboratory furnaces Industrial or laboratory furnaces and ovens, including incinerators, non-electric.
8418 Refrigerators Refrigerators, freezers and other refrigerating or freezing equipment, electric or other; heat pumps other than air conditioning machines of heading 84.15.
8419 Heating, cooking machines Machinery, plant or laboratory equipment, whether or not electrically heated (excluding furnaces, ovens and other equipment of heading 85.14), for the treatment of materials by a process involving a change of temperature such as heating, cooking, roasting, distilling, rectifying, sterilising, pasteurising, steaming, drying, evaporating, vaporising, condensing or cooling, other than machinery or plant of a kind used for domestic purposes; instantaneous or storage water heaters, non-electric.
8420 Calendering or rolling machines Calendering or other rolling machines, other than for metals or glass, and cylinders therefor.
8421 Centrifuges, filtering machinery Centrifuges, including centrifugal dryers; filtering or purifying machinery and apparatus, for liquids or gases.
8422 Dish washing machines, packing machines Dish washing machines; machinery for cleaning or drying bottles or other containers; machinery for filling, closing, sealing or labelling bottles, cans, boxes, bags or other containers; machinery for capsuling bottles, jars, tubes and similar containers; other packing or wrapping machinery (including heat-shrink wrapping machinery); machinery for aerating beverages.
8423 Weighing machinery Weighing machinery (excluding balances of a sensitivity of 5 cg or better), including weight operated counting or checking machines; weighing machine weights of all kinds.
8424 Spraying appliances Mechanical appliances (whether or not hand-operated) for projecting, dispersing or spraying liquids or powders; fire extinguishers, whether or not charged; spray guns and similar appliances; steam or sand blasting machines and similar jet projecting machines.
8425 Pulley tackle and hoists Pulley tackle and hoists other than skip hoists; winches and capstans; jacks.
8426 Cranes Ships' derricks; cranes, including cable cranes; mobile lifting frames, straddle carriers and works trucks fitted with a crane.
8427 Fork-lift trucks Fork-lift trucks; other works trucks fitted with lifting or handling equipment.
8428 Escalators, conveyors Other lifting, handling, loading or unloading machinery (for example, lifts, escalators, conveyors, teleferics).
8429 Bulldozers, graders Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers, mechanical shovels, excavators, shovel loaders, tamping machines and road rollers.
8430 Other excavating, boring machinery Other moving, grading, levelling, scraping, excavating, tamping, compacting, extracting or boring machinery, for earth, minerals or ores; pile-drivers and pile-extractors; snow-ploughs and snow-blowers.
8431 Parts for 84.25 to 84.30 Parts suitable for use solely or principally with the machinery of headings 84.25 to 84.30.
8432 Agricultural, horticultural machinery Agricultural, horticultural or forestry machinery for soil preparation or cultivation; lawn or sports-ground rollers.
8433 Harvesting or threshing machinery Harvesting or threshing machinery, including straw or fodder balers; grass or hay mowers; machines for cleaning, sorting or grading eggs, fruit or other agricultural produce, other than machinery of heading 84.37.
8434 Dairy machinery Milking machines and dairy machinery.
8435 Presses, crushers for wine, fruit juices Presses, crushers and similar machinery used in the manufacture of wine, cider, fruit juices or similar beverages.
8436 Other agricultural, horticultural machinery Other agricultural, horticultural, forestry, poultry-keeping or bee-keeping machinery, including germination plant fitted with mechanical or thermal equipment; poultry incubators and brooders.
8437 Machines for the working of cereals Machines for cleaning, sorting or grading seed, grain or dried leguminous vegetables; machinery used in the milling industry or for the working of cereals or dried leguminous vegetables, other than farm-type machinery.
8438 Machinery for food or drink Machinery, not specified or included elsewhere in this Chapter, for the industrial preparation or manufacture of food or drink, other than machinery for the extraction or preparation of animal or fixed vegetable or microbial fats or oils.
8439 Machinery for making pulp or paper Machinery for making pulp of fibrous cellulosic material or for making or finishing paper or paperboard.
8440 Book-binding machinery Book-binding machinery, including book-sewing machines.
8441 Other machinery for paper Other machinery for making up paper pulp, paper or paperboard, including cutting machines of all kinds.
8442 Machinery for making printing components Machinery, apparatus and equipment (other than the machine of headings 84.56 to 84.65) for preparing or making plates, cylinders or other printing components; plates, cylinders and other printing components; plates, cylinders and lithographic stones, prepared for printing purposes (for example, planed, grained or polished).
8443 Printing machinery Printing machinery used for printing by means of plates, cylinders and other printing components of heading 84.42; other printers, copying machines and facsimile machines, whether or not combined; parts and accessories thereof.
8444 Machines for extruding textiles Machines for extruding, drawing, texturing or cutting man-made textile materials.
8445 Machines for preparing textile fibres Machines for preparing textile fibres; spinning, doubling or twisting machines and other machinery for producing textile yarns; textile reeling or winding (including weft-winding) machines and machines for preparing textile yarns for use on the machines of heading 84.46 or 84.47.
8446 Weaving machines Weaving machines (looms).
8447 Knitting machines Knitting machines, stitch-bonding machines and machines for making gimped yarn, tulle, lace, embroidery, trimmings, braid or net and machines for tufting.
8448 Parts for 84.44 to 84.47 Auxiliary machinery for use with machines of heading 84.44, 84.45, 84.46 or 84.47 (for example, dobbies, Jacquards, automatic stop motions, shuttle changing mechanisms); parts and accessories suitable for use solely or principally with the machines of this heading or of heading 84.44, 84.45, 84.46 or 84.47 (for example, spindles and spindle flyers, card clothing, combs, extruding nipples, shuttles, healds and heald-frames, hosiery needles).
8449 Machinery for making felt or nonwovens Machinery for the manufacture or finishing of felt or nonwovens in the piece or in shapes, including machinery for making felt hats; blocks for making hats.
8450 Washing machines Household or laundry-type washing machines, including machines which both wash and dry.
8451 Machinery for fabrics or textile articles Machinery (other than machines of heading 84.50) for washing, cleaning, wringing, drying, ironing, pressing (including fusing presses), bleaching, dyeing, dressing, finishing, coating or impregnating textile yarns, fabrics or made up textile articles and machines for applying the paste to the base fabric or other support used in the manufacture of floor coverings such as linoleum; machines for reeling, unreeling, folding, cutting or pinking textile fabrics.
8452 Sewing machines Sewing machines, other than book-sewing machines of heading 84.40; furniture, bases and covers specially designed for sewing machines; sewing machine needles.
8453 Machinery for skins or leather Machinery for preparing, tanning or working hides, skins or leather or for making or repairing footwear or other articles of hides, skins or leather, other than sewing machines.
8454 Ingot moulds and casting machines Converters, ladles, ingot moulds and casting machines, of a kind used in metallurgy or in metal foundries.
8455 Metal-rolling mills and rolls Metal-rolling mills and rolls therefor.
8456 Laser machine-tools Machine-tools for working any material by removal of material, by laser or other light or photon beam, ultrasonic, electro-discharge, electro-chemical, electron beam, ionic-beam or plasma arc processes; water-jet cutting machines.
8457 Machining centres Machining centres, unit construction machines (single station) and multi-station transfer machines, for working metal.
8458 Lathes for removing metal Lathes(including turning centres) for removing metal.
8459 Machine-tools for drilling, boring, milling Machine-tools (including way-type unit head machines) for drilling, boring, milling, threading or tapping by removing metal, other than lathes (including turning centres) of heading 84.58.
8460 Machine-tools for deburring, sharpening, grinding Machine-tools for deburring, sharpening, grinding, honing, lapping, polishing or otherwise finishing metal or cermets by means of grinding stones, abrasives or polishing products, other than gear cutting, gear grinding or gear finishing machines of heading 84.61.
8461 Other machine-tools for removing metal Machine-tools for planing, shaping, slotting, broaching, gear cutting, gear grinding or gear finishing, sawing, cutting-off and other machine-tools working by removing metal or cermets, not elsewhere specified or included.
8462 Machine-tools for forging, hammering Machine-tools (including presses) for working metal by forging, hammering or die forging (excluding rolling mills); machine-tools (including presses, slitting lines and cut-to-length lines) for working metal by bending, folding, straightening, flattening, shearing, punching, notching or nibbling (excluding draw-benches); presses for working metal or metal carbides, not specified above.
8463 Other machine-tools for working metal Other machine-tools for working metal or cermets, without removing material.
8464 Machine-tools for stone, ceramics, glass Machine-tools for working stone, ceramics, concrete, asbestos-cement or like mineral materials or for cold working glass.
8465 Machine-tools for working hard materials Machine-tools (including machines for nailing, stapling, glueing or otherwise assembling) for working wood, cork, bone, hard rubber, hard plastics or similar hard materials.
8466 Parts for 84.56 to 84.65 Parts and accessories suitable for use solely or principally with the machines of headings 84.56 to 84.65, including work or tool holders, self-opening dieheads, dividing heads and other special attachments for the machines; tool holders for any type of tool for working in the hand.
8467 Hand-tools Tools for working in the hand, pneumatic, hydraulic or with self-contained electric or non-electric motor.
8468 Welding machinery Machinery and apparatus for soldering, brazing or welding, whether or not capable of cutting, other than those of heading 85.15; gas-operated surface tempering machines and appliances.
8470 Calculating machines Calculating machines and pocket-size data recording, reproducing and displaying machines with calculating function; accounting machines, postage-franking machines, ticket-issuing machines and similar machines, incorporating a calculating device; cash registers.
8471 Automatic data processing machines Automatic data processing machines and units thereof; magnetic or optical readers, machines for transcribing data onto data media in coded form and machines for processing such data, not elsewhere specified or included.
8472 Other office machines Other office machines (for example, hectograph or stencil duplicating machines, addressing machines, automatic banknote dispensers, coin-sorting machines, coin-counting or wrapping machines, pencil-sharpening machines, perforating or stapling machines).
8473 Parts for 84.70 to 84.72 Parts and accessories (other than covers, carrying cases and the like) suitable for use solely or principally with machines of headings 84.70 to 84.72.
8474 Machinery for processing stone, ores Machinery for sorting, screening, separating, washing, crushing, grinding, mixing or kneading earth, stone, ores or other mineral substances, in solid (including powder or paste) form; machinery for agglomerating, shaping or moulding solid mineral fuels, ceramic paste, unhardened cements, plastering materials or other mineral products in powder or paste form; machines for forming foundry moulds of sand.
8475 Machines for manufacturing glassware Machines for assembling electric or electronic lamps, tubes or valves or flashbulbs, in glass envelopes; machines for manufacturing or hot working glass or glassware.
8476 Automatic goods-vending machines Automatic goods-vending machines (for example, postage stamp, cigarette, food or beverage machines), including money-changing machines.
8477 Machinery for working rubber or plastics Machinery for working rubber or plastics or for the manufacture of products from these materials, not specified or included elsewhere in this Chapter.
8478 Machinery for making up tobacco Machinery for preparing or making up tobacco, not specified or included elsewhere in this Chapter.
8479 Other machines Machines and mechanical appliances having individual functions, not specified or included elsewhere in this Chapter.
8480 Moulding boxes Moulding boxes for metal foundry; mould bases; moulding patterns; moulds for metal (other than ingot moulds), metal carbides, glass, mineral materials, rubber or plastics.
8481 Taps, cocks, valves Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances for pipes, boiler shells, tanks, vats or the like, including pressure- reducing valves and thermostatically controlled valves.
8482 Bearings Ball or roller bearings.
8483 Transmission shafts, gears Transmission shafts (including cam shafts and crank shafts) and cranks; bearing housings and plain shaft bearings; gears and gearing; ball or roller screws; gear boxes and other speed changers, including torque converters; flywheels and pulleys, including pulley blocks; clutches and shaft couplings (including universal joints).
8484 Gaskets Gaskets and similar joints of metal sheeting combined with other material or of two or more layers of metal; sets or assortments of gaskets and similar joints, dissimilar in composition, put up in pouches, envelopes or similar packings; mechanical seals.
8485 3D printers Machines for additive manufacturing.
8486 Machines for semiconductor devices or flat panel displays Machines and apparatus of a kind used solely or principally for the manufacture of semiconductor boules or wafers, semiconductor devices, electronic integrated circuits or flat panel displays; machines and apparatus specified in Note 11 (C) to this Chapter; parts and accessories.
8487 Machinery parts Machinery parts, not containing electrical connectors, insulators, coils, contacts or other electrical features, not specified or included elsewhere in this Chapter.
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Chapter 84 : Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof

Notes.

1. This Chapter does not cover :

(a) Millstones, grindstones or other articles of Chapter 68;

(b) Machinery or appliances (for example, pumps) of ceramic material and ceramic parts of machinery or appliances of any material (Chapter 69);

(c) Laboratory glassware (heading 70.17); machinery, appliances or other articles for technical uses or parts thereof, of glass (heading 70.19 or 70.20);

(d) Articles of heading 73.21 or 73.22 or similar articles of other base metals (Chapters 74 to 76 or 78 to 81);

(e) Vacuum cleaners of heading 85.08;

(f) Electro-mechanical domestic appliances of heading 85.09; digital cameras of heading 85.25; or

(g) Radiators for the articles of Section XVII; or

(h) Hand-operated mechanical floor sweepers, not motorised (heading 96.03).

2. Subject to the operation of Note 3 to Section XVI and subject to Note 11 to this Chapter, a machine or appliance which answers to a description in one or more of the headings 84.01 to 84.24, or heading 84.86 and at the same time to a description in one or more of the headings 84.25 to 84.80 is to be classified under the appropriate heading of the former group or under heading 84.86, as the case may be, and not the latter group.

(A) Heading 84.19 does not, however, cover :

(¥¡) Germination plant, incubators or brooders (heading 84.36);

(¥¢) Grain dampening machines (heading 84.37);

(¥£) Diffusing apparatus for sugar juice extraction (heading 84.38);

(¥¤) Machinery for the heat-treatment of textile yarns, fabrics or made up textile articles (heading 84.51); or

(¥¥) Machinery, plant or laboratory equipment, designed for a mechanical operation, in which a change of temperature, even if necessary, is subsidiary.

(B) Heading 84.22 does not cover :

(¥¡) Sewing machines for closing bags or similar containers (heading 84.52); or

(¥¢) Office machinery of heading 84.72.

(C) Heading 84.24 does not cover :

(¥¡) Ink-jet printing machines(heading 84.43); or

(¥¢) Water-jet cutting machines(heading 84.56).

3. A machine-tool for working any material which answers to a description in heading 84.56 and at the same time to a description in heading 84.57, 84.58, 84.59, 84.60, 84.61, 84.64 or 84.65 is to be classified in heading 84.56.

4. Heading 84.57 applies only to machine-tools for working metal, other than lathes (including turning centres), which can carry out different types of machining operations either :

(a) by automatic tool change from a magazine or the like in conformity with a machining programme (machining centres),

(b) by the automatic use, simultaneously or sequentially, of different unit heads working on a fixed position workpiece (unit construction machines, single station), or

(c) by the automatic transfer of the workpiece to different unit heads (multi-station transfer machines).

5. For the purposes of heading 84.62, a "slitting line" for flat products is a processing line composed of an uncoiler, a coil flattener, a slitter and a recoiler. A "cut-to-length line" for flat products is a processing line composed of an uncoiler, a coil flattener, and a shear.

6. (A) For the purposes of heading 84.71, the expression "automatic data processing machines" means machines capable of :

(¥¡) Storing the processing program or programs and at least the data immediately necessary for the execution of the program;

(¥¢) Being freely programmed in accordance with the requirements of the user;

(¥£) Performingarithmetical computations specified by the user; and

(¥¤) Executing, without human intervention, a processing program which requires them to modify their execution, by logical decision during the processing run.

(B) Automatic data processing machines may be in the form of systems consisting of a variable number of separate units.

(C) Subject to paragraphs (D) and (E) below, a unit is to be regarded as being part of an automatic data processing system if it meets all of the following conditions :

(¥¡) It is of a kind solely or principally used in an automatic data processing system;

(¥¢) It is connectable to the central processing unit either directly or through one or more other units; and

(¥£) It is able to accept or deliver data in a form (codes or signals) which can be used by the system.
Separately presented units of an automatic data processing machine are to be classified in heading 84.71.
However, keyboards, X-Y co-ordinate input devices and disk storage units which satisfy the conditions of paragraphs (C) (¥¢) and (C) (¥£) above, are in all cases to be classified as units of heading 84.71.

(D) Heading 84.71 does not cover the following when presented separately, even if they meet all of the conditions set forth in Note 6 (C) above :

(¥¡) Printers, copying machines, facsimile machines, whether or not combined;

(¥¢) Apparatus for the transmission or reception of voice, images or other data, including apparatus for communication in a wired or wireless network (such as a local or wide area network);

(¥£) Loudspeakers and microphones;

(¥¤) Television cameras, digital cameras and video camera recorders;

(¥¥) Monitors and projectors, not incorporating television reception apparatus.

(E) Machines incorporating or working in conjunction with an automatic data processing machine and performing a specific function other than data processing are to be classified in the headings appropriate to their respective functions or, failing that, in residual headings.

7. Heading 84.82 applies, inter alia, to polished steel balls, the maximum and minimum diameters of which do not differ from the nominal diameter by more than 1 % or by more than 0.05 mm, whichever is less.
Other steel balls are to be classified in heading 73.26.

8. A machine which is used for more than one purpose is, for the purposes of classification, to be treated as if its principal purpose were its sole purpose.
Subject to Note 2 to this Chapter and Note 3 to Section XVI, a machine the principal purpose of which is not described in any heading or for which no one purpose is the principal purpose is, unless the context otherwise requires, to be classified in heading 84.79. Heading 84.79 also covers machines for making rope or cable (for example, stranding, twisting or cabling machines) from metal wire, textile yarn or any other material or from a combination of such materials.

9. For the purposes of heading 84.70, the term "pocket-size" applies only to machines the dimensions of which do not exceed 170 mm x 100 mm x 45 mm.

10. For the purposes of heading 84.85, the expression "additive manufacturing" (also referred to as 3D printing) means the formation of physical objects, based on a digital model, by the successive addition and layering, and consolidation and solidification, of material (for example, metal, plastics or ceramics).
Subject to Note 1 to Section XVI and Note 1 to Chapter 84, machines answering to the description in heading 84.85 are to be classified in that heading and in no other heading of the Nomenclature.

11. (A) Notes 12 (a) and 12 (b) to Chapter 85 also apply with respect to the expressions "semiconductor devices" and "electronic integrated circuits", respectively, as used in this Note and in heading 84.86. However, for the purposes of this Note and of heading 84.86, the expression "semiconductor devices" also covers photosensitive semiconductor devices and light-emitting diodes (LED).

(B) For the purposes of this Note and of heading 84.86, the expression "manufacture of flat panel displays" covers the fabrication of substrates into a flat panel. It does not cover the manufacture of glass or the assembly of printed circuit boards or other electronic components onto the flat panel. The expression "flat panel display" does not cover cathode-ray tube technology.

(C) Heading 84.86 also includes machines and apparatus solely or principally of a kind used for :

(¥¡) the manufacture or repair of masks and reticles;

(¥¢) assembling semiconductor devices or electronic integrated circuits;

(¥£) lifting, handling, loading or unloading of boules, wafers, semiconductor devices, electronic integrated circuits and flat panel displays.

(D) Subject to Note 1 to Section XVI and Note 1 to Chapter 84, machines and apparatus answering to the description in heading 84.86 are to be classified in that heading and in no other heading of the Nomenclature.

Subheading Notes.

1. For the purposes of subheading 8465.20, the term "machining centres" applies only to machine-tools for working wood, cork, bone, hard rubber, hard plastics or similar hard materials, which can carry out different types of machining operations by automatic tool change from a magazine or the like in conformity with a machining programme.

2. For the purposes of subheading 8471.49, the term "systems" means automatic data processing machines whose units satisfy the conditions laid down in Note 6 (C) to Chapter 84 and which comprise at least a central processing unit, one input unit (for example, a keyboard or a scanner), and one output unit (for example, a visual display unit or a printer).

3. For the purposes of subheading 8481.20, the expression "valves for oleohydraulic or pneumatic transmissions" means valves which are used specifically in the transmission of "fluid power" in a hydraulic or pneumatic system, where the energy source is supplied in the form of pressurised fluids (liquid or gas). These valves may be of any type (for example, pressure-reducing type, check type). Subheading 8481.20 takes precedence over all other subheadings of heading 84.81.

4. Subheading 8482.40 applies only to bearings with cylindrical rollers of a uniform diameter not exceeding 5 mm and having a length which is at least three times the diameter. The ends of the rollers may be rounded.

GENERAL

(A) GENERAL CONTENT OF THE CHAPTER
Subject to the provisions of the General Explanatory Note to Section XVI, this Chapter covers all machinery and mechanical appliances, and parts thereof, not more specifically covered by Chapter 85, and not being :

(a) Articles of textile material, for technical uses (heading 59.11).

(b) Articles of stone, etc., of Chapter 68.

(c) Ceramic articles of Chapter 69.

(d) Laboratory glassware of heading 70.17; machinery and appliances and parts thereof, of glass (heading 70.19 or 70.20).

(e) Stoves, central heating radiators and other goods of heading 73.21 or 73.22, and similar articles of other base metals.

(f) Electro-mechanical domestic appliances of heading 85.09; digital cameras of heading 85.25.

(g) Hand-operated mechanical floor sweepers, not motorised (heading 96.03).

In general, Chapter 84 covers machinery and mechanical apparatus and Chapter 85 electrical goods. However, certain machines are specified in headings of Chapter 85 (e.g., electro-mechanical domestic appliances) while Chapter 84 on the other hand covers certain non-mechanical apparatus (e.g., steam generating boilers and their auxiliary apparatus, and filtering apparatus).
It should also be noted that machinery and apparatus of a kind covered by Chapter 84 remain in this Chapter even if electric, for example :

(1) Machinery powered by electric motor.

(2) Electrically heated machinery, for example, electric central heating boilers of heading 84.03, machinery of heading 84.19 and other machinery (e.g., calenders, textile washing or bleaching machines or presses) incorporating electrical heating elements.

(3) Machines operated electro-magnetically (e.g., electro-magnetic valves) or incorporating electro-magnetic devices (e.g., textile looms with electrical automatic stop motions, cranes with electro-magnetic lifting heads and lathes with electro-magnetic chucks).

(4) Machines operated electronically (e.g., electronic calculating or automatic data processing machines) or incorporating photoelectric or electronic devices (e.g., rolling mills with photo-electric apparatus and machine-tools incorporating a variety of electronic control devices).
Since machinery or appliances (for example, pumps) of ceramic material and ceramic parts of machinery or appliances of any material (Chapter 69), laboratory glassware (heading 70.17) and machinery and appliances and parts thereof, of glass (heading 70.19 or 70.20) are excluded from this Chapter, it follows that even if a machine or mechanical appliance is covered, because of its description or nature, by a heading of this Chapter it is not to be classified therein if it has the character of an article of ceramic materials or of glass.
This applies, for example, to articles of ceramic material or of glass, incorporating components of minor importance of other materials, such as stoppers, joints, taps, etc., clamping or tightening bands or collars or other fixing or supporting devices (stands, tripods, etc.).
On the other hand, the following are, as a rule, to be taken to have lost the character of ceramic articles, laboratory glassware, or machinery or appliances and parts thereof, of ceramic material or of glass :

(¥¡) Combinations of ceramic or glass components with a high proportion of components of other materials (e.g., of metal); also articles consisting of a high proportion of ceramic or glass components incorporated or permanently mounted in frames, cases or the like, of other materials.

(¥¢) Combinations of static components of ceramic material or glass with mechanical components such as motors, pumps, etc., of other materials (e.g., of metal).

(B) GENERAL ARRANGEMENT OF THE CHAPTER

(1) Heading 84.01 covers nuclear reactors, fuel elements (cartridges), non-irradiated, for nuclear reactors and machinery and apparatus for isotopic separation.

(2) Headings 84.02 to 84.24 cover the other machines and apparatus which are classified mainly by reference to their function, and regardless of the field of industry in which they are used.

(3) Headings 84.25 to 84.78 cover machines and apparatus which, with certain exceptions, are classified there by reference to the field of industry in which they are used, regardless of their particular function in that field.

(4) Heading 84.79 covers machines and mechanical appliances not covered by any preceding heading of the Chapter.

(5) Heading 84.80 covers, in addition to moulding boxes for metal foundry and moulding patterns, moulds (other than ingot moulds) used, by hand or in machines, for moulding certain materials.

(6) Headings 84.81 to 84.84 cover certain general-purpose goods suitable for use as machinery parts or as parts of goods of other Chapters.

(7) Heading 84.86 covers machines and apparatus of a kind used solely or principally for the manufacture of semiconductor boules or wafers, semiconductor devices, electronic integrated circuits or flat panel displays, and machines and apparatus specified in Note 9 (C) to this Chapter.

(8) Heading 84.87 covers non-electrical parts not classified elsewhere.

(C) PARTS
As regards parts in general, see the General Explanatory Note to Section XVI.
Separately presented electrical parts generally fall in one or other of the headings of Chapter 85, for example : electric motors (heading 85.01); electrical transformers (heading 85.04); electro-magnets, permanent magnets, electro-magnetic lifting heads for cranes and electro-magnetic chucks (heading 85.05); electrical starting equipment for internal combustion piston engines (heading 85.11); electrical switches, control panels, plugs, junction boxes, etc. (headings 85.35 to 85.37); electronic valves (heading 85.40); diodes, transistors and similar semiconductor devices (heading 85.41); electronic integrated circuits (heading 85.42); electrical carbons (heading 85.45); insulators (heading 85.46); and certain fittings of insulating material (heading 85.47). Unless incorporated with other parts of the machine, such goods are classified in those headings, even if designed for use solely or principally with a particular machine of this Chapter.
Other electrical parts are classified :

(1) In heading 84.09, 84.31, 84.48, 84.66 or 84.73, if they comply with the description in those headings.

(2) If not, in this Chapter in the same heading as the machine for which they are intended, provided they are designed for use solely or principally with that machine; when not so designed, they fall in heading 85.48.

(D) GOODS COVERED BY TWO OR MORE HEADINGS OF THE CHAPTER (Chapter Notes 2, 7 and 9 (D))
Subject to Note 1 to Section XVI and Note 1 to Chapter 84, machines and apparatus answering to the description in heading 84.86 are to be classified in that heading and in no other heading of the Nomenclature.
Headings 84.01 to 84.24 cover machinery and apparatus (described generally by reference to their function), which can be used in various branches of industry. In the other headings the machinery or apparatus is described, in most cases, by reference to the industry or other field of activity in which they are used. Under Chapter Note 2, machinery or apparatus falling in two or more headings one of which is within the first group (i.e., headings 84.01 to 84.24) is classified in that heading of the first group. Thus motors are always classified in headings 84.06 to 84.08 and 84.10 to 84.12 without regard to their use. The same principle of classification applies for pumps, even if specialised for a particular purpose (e.g., textile spinning pumps or agricultural pumps), centrifuges, calenders, filter presses, furnaces, steam generators, etc.
Certain exceptions (specified in Chapter Note 2) have been made to this general principle as regards headings 84.19, 84.22 and 84.24. Thus the following, although potentially covered by heading 84.19, are in fact classified in later headings of the Chapter :

(1) Agricultural germination plant, and poultry incubators and brooders (heading 84.36).

(2) Grain dampening machines (heading 84.37).

(3) Diffusing apparatus for sugar juice extraction (heading 84.38).

(4) Machinery for the heat-treatment of textile yarns, fabrics or made up textile articles (heading 84.51).

(5) Machinery or plant, in which the change of temperature, although necessary, is subsidiary to the main mechanical function.
Similarly the following, although potentially covered by heading 84.22, are in fact classified in later headings of the Chapter :

(1) Sewing machines (e.g., for the closing of sacks) (heading 84.52).

(2) Machines designed to insert documents or correspondence in wrappers or in envelopes and to seal them, and coin-counting or wrapping machines (heading 84.72).
Also the following, although potentially covered by heading 84.24, are in fact classified in later headings of the Chapter :

(1) Ink-jet printing machines (heading 84.43).

(2) Water-jet cutting machines (heading 84.56).
The rule of precedence for headings 84.01 to 84.24 applies only to machines considered as a whole. Composite machines or multi-function machines are classified in accordance with Note 3 to Section XVI and functional units in accordance with Note 4 to that Section (see Parts (¥µ) and (¥¶) of the General Explanatory Note to Section XVI).
Machines which fall in two or more headings, none of which is within headings 84.01 to 84.24, are classified in that heading which provides the most specific description of the goods, or according to the principal use of the machine. Multi-purpose machines which are used equally for a number of different purposes or industries (e.g., eyeletting machines used equally well in the paper, textile, leather, plastics, etc., industries) are classified in heading 84.79.

(E) MACHINES INCORPORATING OR WORKING IN CONJUNCTION WITH AN AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING MACHINE AND PERFORMING A SPECIFIC FUNCTION (Chapter Note 5 (E))
In accordance with the provisions of Note 5 (E) to Chapter 84, the following classification principles should be applied in the case of a machine incorporating or working in conjunction with an automatic data processing machine, and performing a specific function :

(1) A machine incorporating an automatic data processing machine and performing a specific function other than data processing is classifiable in the heading corresponding to the function of that machine or, in the absence of a specific heading, in a residual heading, and not in heading 84.71.

(2) Machines presented with an automatic data processing machine and intended to work in conjunction therewith to perform a specific function other than data processing, are to be classified as follows :
the automatic data processing machine must be classified separately in heading 84.71 and the other machines in the heading corresponding to the function which they perform unless, by application of Note 4 to Section XVI or Note 3 to Chapter 90, the whole is classified in another heading of Chapter 84, Chapter 85 or of Chapter 90.

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